Galaxy Cluster 3D: ΛCDM vs Khronon Σ

A Coma-like galaxy cluster visualized in 3D. Toggle between ΛCDM (dark matter halo) and Khronon (Σ field) to see how both frameworks explain the same observed dynamics — with fundamentally different physical pictures.

LCDM
Scale: Cluster (~2 Mpc)
Mtotal = 1015 M☉
85% of mass is invisible dark matter particles
Dark matter (NFW)
Galaxies
Hot gas (ICM)
Scale: Cluster (Mpc)
Mass Comparison
Coma-like cluster at z ≈ 0.023
ComponentΛCDMKhronon
Dark matter 8×1014 M☉ —
Hot gas (ICM) 2×1014 M☉ 2×1014 M☉
Galaxies 1×1013 M☉ 1×1013 M☉
Σ field — D(ρst ‖ ρm)
Total dynamic 1015 M☉ 1015 M☉
How Khronon Works
  • Modified gravity from Σ field — the quantum relative entropy D(ρspacetime ‖ ρmatter) generates additional gravitational effect
  • Hot gas contributes via thermal QRE — the intracluster medium's entropy production enhances the effective Σ
  • Σ-hierarchy determines regime — ΣGC « Σgalaxy « Σcluster, so globular clusters are Newtonian while galaxies show modified dynamics
  • Same lensing, same dynamics — total effective mass matches ΛCDM predictions at all observed scales
Cluster Scale (~2 Mpc)
Galaxy clusters are the largest gravitationally bound structures. The Coma cluster contains ~1000 galaxies embedded in hot X-ray-emitting gas (107–108 K). ΛCDM requires a massive NFW dark matter halo. Khronon replaces this with the Σ field.
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